Istanbul is one of the important centers of modernization for Iranians during the Qajar period. This city, especially in the era of constitutionalism, was a second home for Iranian Ahrar and reformers. Safe and away from the oppression of the Iranian ...
Istanbul is one of the important centers of modernization for Iranians during the Qajar period. This city, especially in the era of constitutionalism, was a second home for Iranian Ahrar and reformers. Safe and away from the oppression of the Iranian government, traders, businessmen, journalists, and many people have taken refuge in this city by establishing associations such as the Iranian Saadat Association of Istanbul, the Iranian Charity Association of Istanbul, the Brotherhood Association and the establishment and launch of Persian-language newspapers such as Akhtar, Shams, Soroush, and Khavar tried to support the liberation effort in Iran in various material and spiritual ways. The present work tries to shed light on these efforts in seven essays. Meanwhile, in one of the essays, he deals with the concern of the Ottoman modernists about the issues of Iran and especially the occupation of Tabriz by the Russians. The recent article shows that in the era of constitutionalism, the modernists of the two countries, disregarding the religious and geographical boundaries, set up a common front against the autocracy together with the hope of achieving common human ideals.
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