Plato was the founder of the Platonic school and the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with Socrates and his most famous student Aristotle, he is considered one of the most important and influential figures in human his ...
Plato was the founder of the Platonic school and the first institution of higher learning in the Western world. Along with Socrates and his most famous student Aristotle, he is considered one of the most important and influential figures in human history. The three are considered pivotal figures in the history of ancient Greek and Western philosophy.
Plato was the inventor of written dialogue and dialectical forms in philosophy. Plato is also considered the founder of Western political philosophy. His most famous contribution is the theory of forms known by pure reason, in which Plato offers a solution to the problem of universals known as Platonic (which is vaguely called either Platonic realism or Platonic idealism).
Unlike the works of almost all of his contemporaries, Plato's entire works are thought to have survived for over 2,400 years.
Aristotle claimed that Plato's philosophy closely followed the teachings of Pythagoras, and Cicero echoed this claim: "They say that Plato learned everything from Pythagoras."
Pythagoras believed that everything is number and that the universe arises from numerical principles. He introduced the concept of form as distinct from matter and that the physical world is an imitation of the eternal mathematical world. These ideas were very influential on Heraclitus, Parmenides, and Plato.
Some of these famous treatises include: In Defense of Socrates, Phaedo, Charmides, Crito, Phaedrus, Meno, and....
In general, the "Six Treatises" of Plato are collected and translated here.
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